Qee Cov Lus Qhia rau kev ua kom zoo ib yam zoo centrifugal castings
los ntawm luv cua txias tuag
Taw qhia:
Rau Ni-Resist groove ntxig tsim qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog kom muaj carousel hom centrifugal casting tshuab nrog tuag ntev li ntev tau, thiab nruab nrog kev tswj tsis siv neeg ntawm rpm, kub thiab lub sijhawm voj voog. Cov ntim loj uas muaj npe nrov npe feem ntau siv 2-meter tuag. Lub sij hawm dej-txias yog saws los xyuas kom meej qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov tuag los ntawm qhov kawg mus rau qhov kawg.
Nyob rau hauv kev tsim captive castings los yog tsiv mus rau tus nqi qis, cov cav tov centrifugal feem ntau siv tau luv luv ntawm 300mm ntev yam tsis muaj dej txias. Kev tswj ntawm microstructure yuav nyuaj dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau tom qab kawg ntawm lub lauj kaub vim muaj kev sib zog sai dua. Lub hauv ntej ntawm lub lauj kaub nyob kub ntev dua, nyob ze rau cov hlau kub uas tau nchuav rau hauv qhov kawg no.
Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo thiab sib xws ntawm microstructure ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsim los ntawm cov lauj kaub zoo li no, los ntawm ib kawg mus rau lwm qhov, qee cov ntsiab lus yooj yim yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Kev npaj Melt:
Input raw khoom:
Qhov feem pua ntawm cov nickel nyob rau hauv cov khoom no yuav tsum tau thiab ua kom zoo melting thiab sib tov rauv ntawm lub peev xwm txaus. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau lub hom phiaj no yog Mains zaus Induction rauv ntawm yam tsawg kawg nkaus 500-Kg peev thiab nyiam dua ntawm 1000-Kg peev.
Cov khoom siv raw khoom yuav tsum yog qhov tsim nyog purity. Carbide tsim cov ntsiab lus xws li Mo, Va, Ti thiab W yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv kab. Ceeb Toom: Ntau lub lag luam npua hlau muaj Mo thiab Ti siab. Nws yog ntshaw tias hauv qhov kawg ntxig cov ntsiab lus no yuav tsum tau tswj kom tsis pub dhau cov kev txwv hauv qab no:
Mo > 0.05 feem pua
Ti > 0.04 feem pua
W > 0.02 feem pua
Va > 0.02 feem pua
Cov khoom siv hlau yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tramp uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem tsis tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv Ni-resist. Cov seem steel yuav tsum raug txwv rau max 10 feem pua ntawm cov nqi kom deb li deb tau thiab ntawm qhov paub thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Chips thiab tho txawv yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom tsawg li tsawg tau, yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem zam tag nrho. Nws yog ntshaw kom txwv cov no mus rau ib tug max ntawm 60 feem pua thiab yuav tsum tau qhuav thiab huv si.Sib tov chips uniformly nyob rau hauv lub yaj yog nyuaj. Kev poob ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus los ntawm cov chips yog siab thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm huab cua thiab hydrogen ntxiab hauv cov chips, ob qho tib si uas txhawb nqa cov graphite phem thiab ntxhib / pawg carbides.
Sulfur nyob rau hauv yaj yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaim ntau yam. Nws yuav tsum khaws cia ib ncig ntawm 0.06 feem pua kom tau txais qhov xav tau hardness. Higher Sulfur ua teeb meem rau microstructure.
Carbon sib npaug:
Carbon Equivalent (CE) paub tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cam khwb cia hlau. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv hom microstructure tsim hauv casting. Nws yog ze rau kev cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi ntawm solidification, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov ntoo khaub lig-sections ntawm lub castings thiab kub.
Lub rooj sib tham dav dav yog xam tus nqi CE raws li Volume / Surface (V / S) piv ntawm ib qho casting. Rau 3-sib nqus castings, uas muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, qhov no nyuaj heev. Lub lauj kaub centrifugal, txawm tias 3-dimensional, txawm li cas los xij ntawm symmetrical seem thoob plaws qhov ntev thiab yog li V / S tuaj yeem suav rau cov no raws li qhia hauv qab no:
Volume / Surface Area Ratio V/S
V/S = ( D2 - d2 ) H/4 (DH plus dH plus (D2 - d2 ) / 2 )
Qhov twg, D=Sab nraud (OD) ntawm lub Centrifugal Cast Pot
d=Inner Diameter (ID) ntawm Centrifugal Cast Pot
H=Qhov siab ntawm Centrifugal Cast Pot
Ib qho zoo dua rau lub lauj kaub centrifugal yuav yog Degree ntawm Saturation, uas yog muab los ntawm cov mis:
Degree ntawm Saturation Sc :
;
qhov twg, C, Si thiab Ni yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov hnyav- feem pua
Rau peb daim ntawv thov tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm Sc = 0,80 - 0,95
Kev txhim kho CE meter ntawm lub cub tawg yuav ua kom muaj kev nruj dua thiab tswj tau sai dua ntawm cov Carbon thiab Silicon cov ntsiab lus hauv cov hlau ua ntej nrum lub lauj kaub.
Pom zoo ntau yam ntawm C, Si & Mn tom qab inoculation:
Cov pa roj carbon: 2.70 - 2.80 feem pua
Silicon: 2.10 - 2.20 feem pua
Manganese: 1.20 - 1.30 feem pua
Melting:
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau stratify tus nqi thauj khoom mus rau hauv lub qhov cub kom zoo sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom loj ntawm Nickel thiab tooj liab hauv Ni-Resist cov khoom. Cov khoom siv kev them nyiaj raws li qhov xav tau yog thawj zaug hloov 50 feem pua Npua hlau ntxiv rau cov khoom seem, thiab thaum nws tsuas yog melts ntxiv Nickel, Copper, Ferro alloys, carbon, thiab thaum kawg sab saum toj nrog qhov sib npaug 50 feem pua Pig Hlau.
Cov pa roj carbon yuav tsum tau khaws cia thaum pib hauv da dej ntawm 2.75 - 2.80 feem pua, Ni ntawm 14.5 -15 feem pua, Silicon ntawm 1.8 - 1.9 feem pua, Chromium ntawm 1.15 -1.2 feem pua, Mn ntawm 1.2 - 1.25 feem pua
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Silicon Carbide:
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov chaw nucleation txaus hauv cov yaj, SiC ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog li SiC yuav tsum tsim ib feem ntawm thawj tus nqi tsim-up suav. Thiab ntxiv SiC ntxiv yog xav tau ua ntej super-cua sov lub yaj, ib zaug tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab pom zoo; thiab tom qab txhua ob peb ladles raug tapped tawm, kom carbon depletion yog compensated. Qhov no yuav pab kom muaj kev txwv ze rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab yog li ua kom muaj CE thiab microstructure zoo sib xws.
Qhov pom zoo kom muaj SiC hauv cov nqi tsim khoom yog 0.25 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov nqi nrog rau cov ntsiab lus alloying ntxiv rau tus nqi. Qhov sib ntxiv no yog xam rau hauv tus nqi tsim rau carbon thiab silicon. Tom qab cov yaj mus txog qhov kub ntawm 1400C, chemistry raug kuaj thiab kho yog tias xav tau, thiab rov kuaj xyuas dua. Thaum cov chemistry tau pom zoo, ntxiv 0.1 feem pua SiC ntxiv thiab tam sim ntawd lub qhov cub raug coj mus rau qhov chaw tag nrho thiab cov yaj yog super-rhuab mus rau qhov kub ua hauj lwm (feem ntau 1480 -1500 C, nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov xav tau los ntawm lub sijhawm. pouring rau hauv tuag yog ua tiav los ntawm txhua lub ladle), thiab tapping tawm mus rau hauv ib tug zoo pre-rhuab ladle pib.
Ntxiv ntawm SiC yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau ib ntus thaum lub sij hawm lub voj voog pouring rau ntxiv cov pa roj carbon poob. Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov xav tau tiag tiag ntawm qhov ntau thiab lub sijhawm ntawm SiC ntxiv rau qhov muab cov txheej txheem melting thiab kev ua haujlwm, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los khiav ob peb qhov ntsuas kub zoo rau cov pa roj carbon monoxide nrog lub sijhawm. Hauv hom kev tsim khoom txuas ntxiv, kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus carbon hauv txhua lub ladle tapped yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv txaus los txiav txim siab thaum twg cov pa roj carbon poob ntau dua 0.05 feem pua ntawm cov theem uas suav kom muaj SiC yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau hauv qhov cub thiab tso cai rau noj ob peb feeb ua ntej tapping tawm qhov nce.
Ladle Filling thiab inoculation:
Ua ntej txhua tus ladle yog xa mus rau qhov chaw tsim khoom nws yuav tsum tau ua kom huv si kom cov hauv ob sab phlu qhuav thiab kub li sai tau nrog cov nplaim taws siv. Qhov kawg cua sov thaum pib ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab tom qab so yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm reladling nrog cov hlau molten los ntawm lub cub tawg. Ntau tshaj ib qho kev sib txuas yuav tsim nyog los nqa lub ladle mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov kub ntawm 750C ua ntej cov hlau yog tapping rau siv. Lub pyrometer tiv tauj yuav tsum tau siv los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov zoo.
Raws li txoj cai, cov ntaub ntawv Ni siab siab yog tus kheej inoculating. Txawm li cas los xij, rau peb ntu ntawm centrifugal castings thiab kev tswj nruj ntawm microstructure, nws yog qhov tsim nyog thiab tsim nyog los ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub ladle kom ze rau lub sij hawm nchuav li sai tau. Kev khiav hauj lwm ntau yam rau inoculation nrog High Qib Ferro Silicon (75 feem pua) yog xam rau nqa nyob rau hauv 0.20 mus rau 0.25 feem pua Si pick-up. Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob siv cov pa cam khwb cia hlau inoculants zoo li superseed hauv cov khoom no vim muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm Strontium.
Qhia txog lub ntiaj teb tsawg yuav pab tau peb lub microstructure. Qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv cov inoculant zoo dua RESEED, nrog cerium, tuaj yeem tshawb pom.
Kuj tswj kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm Nickel-Mag qhia nrog cov inoculant tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev ntawm kev zam kom tsis txhob chilled graphite.
Tuag:
Tsim:
Kev tswj dej-txias yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev ua kom qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov tuag ntawm ib kawg mus rau lwm qhov. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nqa hauv dej txias yog qhov nyuaj sim ua kom muaj cua txias ntawm qhov tuag nyob rau hauv lub tsho tsim nyog nrog inlet rau pem hauv ntej thiab cua kub tawm tom qab.
Txij li cov teeb meem machinability feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv qhov kawg qhov ntxig ntxig nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kawm cov microstructures ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab kawg thiab txiav txim siab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus txiav tawm uas yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsuas yog cov microstructure zoo nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Rau ib txwm huab cua-txias luv luv tuag ntawm 300mm ntev feem ntau yuav tsum tau txiav tawm yam tsawg kawg yog 40-mm.
Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev, qhov ntev ntawm lub lauj kaub yuav tsum tau nce los ntawm 30 - 35mm los ntawm kev ua tshiab rear kawg plugs. Qhov no yuav pab kom txawm tias qhov kev txiav tawm loj dua yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntxig txiav los ntawm txhua lub lauj kaub.
Ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho cov tuag no kom siv lub lauj kaub ntev 600 hli uas qhov khoom tsim tau nce ntxiv txawm tias muaj kev txiav tawm ntawm 50mm tom qab kawg.
Rwb thaiv tsev:
Ntau qhov luv luv siv cov ntaub ntawv qhuav qhuav hauv ID uas ua raws li rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov khoom sib cais. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntub dej zoo tshaj plaws, uas yuav muab kev tiv thaiv zoo dua tiv thaiv chilling.
Nws kuj yog tsim nyog los insulate pem hauv ntej thiab, yog hais tias ua tau, rear flanges ntawm cov tuag.
Tus ID nto ntawm qhov tuag yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 300C txhua lub sijhawm thaum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Ib tus pyrometer tiv tauj yuav tsum tau muab rau ntawm txhua qhov tuag kom paub meej qhov no.
Thaum pib ntawm txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm thiab tom qab txhua qhov so, 1 lossis ntau dua lub lauj kaub yuav tsum tau nchuav raws li qhov xav tau los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kub ntawm qhov tuag ntawm tus ID yog siab dua 300C.
Raws li kev tsim khoom txuas ntxiv, qhov kub ntawm qhov tuag yuav nce zuj zus thiab ruaj khov ntawm 450 - 500 C. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kub rau luv luv, ib txwm txias tuag.
Cov ntaub ntawv:
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li txhua qhov tsis sib xws thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv kom raug thiab raug.
Hauv cov theem kev txhim kho nws yog qhov ua tau zoo los tswj cov ntaub ntawv carbon thiab silicon rau txhua lub ladle thiab tsim SiC ntxiv qhov kev pab cuam tom qab ntawd.
Kev tswj ntawm microstructure yuav tsum tau ua kom ntau li ntau tau / tsim nyog ntawm qhov kawg siv tau ntxig txiav los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub lauj kaub, kom txog rau thaum cov kev txwv rau qhov casting thiab txiav tawm kom ruaj khov.
